Design of Turbo Trellis Coding Modulation Scheme of Rate 4/9 for Rician Fading Channel

When the fading channels are encountered during data communication, errors likely to occur at receiving end due multipath propagation. Researchers have been consistently striving develop Error Correction Schemes that can effectively handle these and ensure error-free reception receiver end. Of particular interest Forward be implemented transmitter itself. However, implementation of error correction coding through schemes incurs additional costs in terms bandwidth expansion, as extra bits need added facilitate correction. Fortunately, there exists one scheme called Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), which addresses this issue. TCM selects a modulation based on rate convolutional scheme. technique has limitations correcting number errors, leading development Turbo Coding. This utilizes two coders transmitter, arranged either serial or parallel configuration, suitable decoder receiver. A design Coding presented paper, employs having 2/3, serially concatenated providing an effective 4/9. turbo is then applied order preserve bandwidth. Therefore, if using 8-QAM after coding, 4/9, will 512-QAM. The simulations conducted MATLAB capabilities designed comparison with constituent encoder also compared. It observed Rician channel conditions, Scheme provides approximately 5 dB gain compared